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---
module: shell
short_description: Execute shell commands on targets
description:
- The C(shell) module takes the command name followed by a list of space-delimited arguments.
- Either a free form command or C(cmd) parameter is required, see the examples.
- It is almost exactly like the M(ansible.builtin.command) module but runs
the command through a shell (C(/bin/sh)) on the remote node.
- For Windows targets, use the M(ansible.windows.win_shell) module instead.
version_added: "0.2"
options:
free_form:
description:
- The shell module takes a free form command to run, as a string.
- There is no actual parameter named 'free form'.
- See the examples on how to use this module.
type: str
cmd:
type: str
description:
- The command to run followed by optional arguments.
creates:
description:
- A filename, when it already exists, this step will B(not) be run.
type: path
removes:
description:
- A filename, when it does not exist, this step will B(not) be run.
type: path
version_added: "0.8"
chdir:
description:
- Change into this directory before running the command.
type: path
version_added: "0.6"
executable:
description:
- Change the shell used to execute the command.
- This expects an absolute path to the executable.
type: path
version_added: "0.9"
stdin:
description:
- Set the stdin of the command directly to the specified value.
type: str
version_added: "2.4"
stdin_add_newline:
description:
- Whether to append a newline to stdin data.
type: bool
default: yes
version_added: "2.8"
extends_documentation_fragment:
- action_common_attributes
- action_common_attributes.raw
attributes:
check_mode:
details: while the command itself is arbitrary and cannot be subject to the check mode semantics it adds C(creates)/C(removes) options as a workaround
support: partial
diff_mode:
support: none
platform:
support: full
platforms: posix
raw:
support: full
notes:
- If you want to execute a command securely and predictably, it may be
better to use the M(ansible.builtin.command) module instead. Best practices
when writing playbooks will follow the trend of using M(ansible.builtin.command)
unless the M(ansible.builtin.shell) module is explicitly required. When running ad-hoc
commands, use your best judgement.
- To sanitize any variables passed to the shell module, you should use
C({{ var | quote }}) instead of just C({{ var }}) to make sure they
do not include evil things like semicolons.
- An alternative to using inline shell scripts with this module is to use
the M(ansible.builtin.script) module possibly together with the M(ansible.builtin.template) module.
- For rebooting systems, use the M(ansible.builtin.reboot) or M(ansible.windows.win_reboot) module.
seealso:
- module: ansible.builtin.command
- module: ansible.builtin.raw
- module: ansible.builtin.script
- module: ansible.windows.win_shell
author:
- Ansible Core Team
- Michael DeHaan
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- name: Execute the command in remote shell; stdout goes to the specified file on the remote
ansible.builtin.shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt
- name: Change the working directory to somedir/ before executing the command
ansible.builtin.shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt
args:
chdir: somedir/
# You can also use the 'args' form to provide the options.
- name: This command will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when somedir/somelog.txt doesn't exist
ansible.builtin.shell: somescript.sh >> somelog.txt
args:
chdir: somedir/
creates: somelog.txt
# You can also use the 'cmd' parameter instead of free form format.
- name: This command will change the working directory to somedir/
ansible.builtin.shell:
cmd: ls -l | grep log
chdir: somedir/
- name: Run a command that uses non-posix shell-isms (in this example /bin/sh doesn't handle redirection and wildcards together but bash does)
ansible.builtin.shell: cat < /tmp/*txt
args:
executable: /bin/bash
- name: Run a command using a templated variable (always use quote filter to avoid injection)
ansible.builtin.shell: cat {{ myfile|quote }}
# You can use shell to run other executables to perform actions inline
- name: Run expect to wait for a successful PXE boot via out-of-band CIMC
ansible.builtin.shell: |
set timeout 300
spawn ssh admin@{{ cimc_host }}
expect "password:"
send "{{ cimc_password }}\n"
expect "\n{{ cimc_name }}"
send "connect host\n"
expect "pxeboot.n12"
send "\n"
exit 0
args:
executable: /usr/bin/expect
delegate_to: localhost
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msg:
description: changed
returned: always
type: bool
sample: True
start:
description: The command execution start time.
returned: always
type: str
sample: '2016-02-25 09:18:26.429568'
end:
description: The command execution end time.
returned: always
type: str
sample: '2016-02-25 09:18:26.755339'
delta:
description: The command execution delta time.
returned: always
type: str
sample: '0:00:00.325771'
stdout:
description: The command standard output.
returned: always
type: str
sample: 'Clustering node rabbit@slave1 with rabbit@master …'
stderr:
description: The command standard error.
returned: always
type: str
sample: 'ls: cannot access foo: No such file or directory'
cmd:
description: The command executed by the task.
returned: always
type: str
sample: 'rabbitmqctl join_cluster rabbit@master'
rc:
description: The command return code (0 means success).
returned: always
type: int
sample: 0
stdout_lines:
description: The command standard output split in lines.
returned: always
type: list
sample: [u'Clustering node rabbit@slave1 with rabbit@master …']
stderr_lines:
description: The command standard error split in lines.
returned: always
type: list
sample: [u'ls cannot access foo: No such file or directory', u'ls …']
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